5.6-SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

By Sadiq'sir

Solid Waste Management

What is a solid waste?

·         Trash/garbage that is solid in nature (and not liquid or gas)
·         Discarded solid material from industrial, municipal and agricultural activities
·         Household material consisting of everyday garbage, food and yard waste
·         Includes construction waste, biomedical waste, electronic waste (or e-waste) or even sewage sludge as part of different industries.

What is solid waste management?

Waste management is the entire process from collection of waste from source till its disposal. This includes all processes like transportation, analysis, legal procedures, along with monitoring and enforcing regulations. There are a number principles related to waste management, but a generally accepted concept is one of the ‘Hierarchy of Waste Management’.
 

The image above shows waste management strategies according to their maximum effect on waste minimisation. The flowchart below illustrates the functional elements of waste management in a simple way.
 
Waste handling and disposal practices vary in different demographics. In India, the practices vary depending on the type of solid waste which has been classified as
⦁ Municipal Solid Waste.
⦁ Hazardous Solid Waste.
Municipal solid waste is again classified into different types like biodegradable substances (rotten or waste foodstuffs and general kitchen waste), recyclable materials and domestic hazardous waste (light bulbs, batteries, etc). Hazardous solid waste is industry generated which need special disposal techniques.
Solid waste management is an integral part of the environmental domain of any region. Inefficient waste disposal systems lead to environmental pollution along with presenting severe health hazards. As shown in the diagram above, solid waste management generally includes a collection of waste, transporting waste, processing and recycling it, and finally disposal of waste.
Today, the most general method of waste disposal is by using landfills. Olden landfills are being covered and the present day sanitary landfills are not just dumped sites. They are designed and customized pertaining to the region, type of waste and other environmental factors. The primary purpose of this is to dispose of waste effectively without causing health risks or contributing to environmental pollution.

[Source:https://byjus.com/biology/solid-waste-management/]



 Solid Waste Management of South Korea and Lessons for India 




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